The nail plate is composed primarily of which substance?

The nail plate is primarily composed of keratin, which is a type of protein that is also a key structural component of hair and skin. Keratin provides strength and resilience to the nail, making it durable and protective. This protein is formed in a process known as keratinization, in which cells contribute to the nail plate as they move from the nail matrix to the surface. It's important for anyone studying the anatomy and physiology of nails to recognize the role of keratin, as it is essential for the health and integrity of both natural and artificial nails.

The other options do not accurately represent the composition of the nail plate. Mucus is a secreted substance primarily found in the lining of various organs and is not related to nail composition. Dead tissues could refer to damaged or non-viable cells, but they do not accurately describe the structured protein composition of healthy nails. Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by a bacterium and has no association with nail structure. Thus, understanding that the nail plate's primary substance is keratin is crucial for the comprehensive study of nail care and health.